January 14, 2020, Vol 323, No. 2, Pages 105-196

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

free access online only has audio

JAMA. 2020;323(2):e1920740. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20740

Audio Editors' Summary: Osocimab for VTE Prevention After TKA, Changes in FDA Approval and Regulation of Pharmaceuticals, Neuropsych Testing of Older Clinicians Prior to Recredentialing, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Osocimab in Preventing Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroplasty: The FOXTROT Randomized Clinical Trial

Jeffrey I. Weitz, MD; Rupert Bauersachs, MD; Bastian Becker, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):130-139. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20687

This phase 2 clinical noninferiority trial compared 4 doses of postoperative osocimab, a monoclonal antibody against factor XI, vs enoxaparin and apixiban on venous thromboembolism incidence among patients undergoing knee replacement.

Editorial
How Effective and Safe Is Factor XI Inhibition in Preventing Venous Thrombosis?
Kenneth A. Bauer, MD

JAMA

Effect of a Behavioral Intervention to Increase Vegetable Consumption on Cancer Progression Among Men With Early-Stage Prostate Cancer: The MEAL Randomized Clinical Trial

J. Kellogg Parsons, MD, MHS; David Zahrieh, PhD; James L. Mohler, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):140-148. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20207

This randomized trial compares the effect of a counseling intervention to promote consumption of 7 or more daily vegetable servings vs an educational control on time to PSA- and biopsy-defined cancer progression in men with early-stage prostate cancer.

Patient-Reported Outcomes Through 5 Years for Active Surveillance, Surgery, Brachytherapy, or External Beam Radiation With or Without Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer

Karen E. Hoffman, MD, MHSc, MPH; David F. Penson, MD, MPH; Zhiguo Zhao, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):149-163. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20675

This cohort study compares functional outcomes, including sexual and bowel function and urinary incontinence, associated with active surveillance, surgery, or radiation therapy 5 years after treatment.

Research Letter

Incidence of Infectious Complications Following Cochlear Implantation in Children and Adults

Daniel P. Lander, BS; Nedim Durakovic, MD; Dorina Kallogjeri, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):182-183. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18611

This cohort study uses data from state health care databases to determine the incidence and timing of infectious complications following cochlear implant surgery among patients in 5 US states between 2006 and 2016.

Differences in Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection Rates Based on the Criteria Used to Count Central Line Days

David Scheinker, PhD; Andrew Ward, MS; Andrew Y. Shin, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):183-185. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18616

This study uses electronic health record (EHR) data to evaluate differences in central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates by how central line days are counted: once a day at a fixed time for all patients; a sampling-based approximation; or a validated electronic count.

Special Communication

FDA Approval and Regulation of Pharmaceuticals, 1983-2018

Jonathan J. Darrow, SJD, JD, MBA; Jerry Avorn, MD; Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):164-176. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20288

This study uses publicly available and FDA data to describe changes in drug testing laws and standards, the use of new FDA approval programs and standards, changes in the role and authority of the FDA, and changes in the number of drugs the FDA has approved from 1983 to 2018.

Audio Clinical Review: Ten Things Every New Doctor Should Know About Drug Reactions

Editorial
Reform at the FDA—In Need of Reform
Joshua M. Sharfstein, MD

JAMA

Viewpoint

Treatment Decisions for a Future Self: Ethical Obligations to Guide Truly Informed Choices

Claire J. Creutzfeldt, MD; Robert G. Holloway, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):115-116. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.19652

This Viewpoint discusses the reality that most decisions about treatment for incapacitated patients involve surrogate assessments of patients’ past values at their baseline health, and it proposes that more ethical and informed decision-making would help surrogates consider the degree to which their loved one might be able to adapt to and value a future health state at what is a higher level of disability.

Conversations with Dr Bauchner: Treatment Decisions for a Future Self

The Responsibility of Physicians to Maintain Competency

Sally A. Santen, MD, PhD; Robin R. Hemphill, MD, MPH; Martin Pusic, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):117-118. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21081

This Viewpoint discusses 2 forces that can lead to the decline in competency in medicine over time, deterioration in ability with age and decrease in opportunities for maintenance and self-improvement, includes considerations that may be helpful to addressing competency decline.

A Piece of My Mind

Doctoring and Deportation

Samuel D. Slavin, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):119-120. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21005

In this narrative medicine essay, a resident physician shares the story of a young Haitian woman with cancer whose survival was threatened with deportation for having missed her residency application deadline and of his role in advocating for her care with US citizenship and immigration services.

Editorial

How Effective and Safe Is Factor XI Inhibition in Preventing Venous Thrombosis?

Kenneth A. Bauer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):121-122. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20783

Reform at the FDA—In Need of Reform

Joshua M. Sharfstein, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):123-124. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20538

Opportunities and Challenges in Valuing and Evaluating Aging Physicians

Katrina A. Armstrong, MD, MS; Eileen E. Reynolds, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):125-126. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.19706

Editorial
Best Practices in Assessing Aging Physicians for Professional Competency
Jeffrey L. Saver, MD

JAMA

Best Practices in Assessing Aging Physicians for Professional Competency

Jeffrey L. Saver, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):127-129. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20249

Editorial
Opportunities and Challenges in Valuing and Evaluating Aging Physicians
Katrina A. Armstrong, MD, MS; Eileen E. Reynolds, MD

JAMA

JAMA Performance Improvement

Cognitive Testing of Older Clinicians Prior to Recredentialing

Leo Cooney, MD; Thomas Balcezak, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2020;323(2):179-180. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18665

This JAMA Performance Improvement article reports the methods and outcomes of a cognitive screening program implemented at a US hospital to assess medical staff aged 70 years or older for clinical competency every 2 years as a requirement for reappointment.

Audio: The Aging Clinician: When Should Older Clinicians' Cognitive Abilities Be Evaluated?
Audio: The Aging Clinician: When Should Older Clinicians' Cognitive Abilities Be Evaluated?, Part 2

Editorial
Opportunities and Challenges in Valuing and Evaluating Aging Physicians
Katrina A. Armstrong, MD, MS; Eileen E. Reynolds, MD

JAMA
Best Practices in Assessing Aging Physicians for Professional Competency
Jeffrey L. Saver, MD

JAMA

JAMA Insights

Clinical Update

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in 2019-2020

Noah D. Silverberg, PhD; Ann-Christine Duhaime, MD; Mary Alexis Iaccarino, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2020;323(2):177-178. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18134

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update reviews current practice for managing mild traumatic brain injury, which includes monitoring symptom resolution, counseling on return to activity, and timely specialty referral.

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